Otitis disease affects nearly 20% of dogs admitted to veterinary clinics cole et al. Otitis externa is the medical term for an ear infection. This is an inflammation of the external ear canal, the part of the ear between the eardrum and the outer surface of the ear. Otitis externa knowledge for medical students and physicians. Otitis media should be suspected in cases of severe purulent otitis externa.
Otitis media can result in excessive positive or negative pressure within the middle ear. Otitis media refers to an inflammation of the dogs middle ear, while otitis interna refers to an inflammation of the inner ear, both of which are commonly caused by bacterial infection. Positive pressure causes the tm to bulge into the external canal. Cavalier king charles spaniel primary secretory otitis. Otitis media, as opposed to otitis externa or otitis interna, involves inflammation of the middle ear structures, is usually due to extension of infection from the external ear canal or to penetration of the tympanic membrane by a foreign object extension of infection through the auditory tube occurs in cats, explaining why the most common cuase of otitis media is chronic respiratory. Diagnosis and medical treatment of otitis externa in the dog. If the specific cause can be identified, such as bacterial or fungal infection, treatment could involve longterm medications. High resolution ct scans of the temporal bone in acute otitis media patients may reveal complications, including otomastoiditis. In primary secretory otitis media, mucoid fluid accumulates within the inner ear. Additionally, the lining of the ear can become inflamed and thickened, blocking air and fluid flow in and out of the canal. Diagnosis and medical treatment of otitis externa in the. Head shaking, pawing at or rubbing the affected ears, and cocking. Otitis media is most commonly an extension of an otitis externa, through a perforated tympanum.
It is characterised by redness, swelling, scaling and thickening of the canal skin lining and is accompanied by varying degrees of discomfort, itch, deafness and discharge. Otitis interna is an inflammation of the structures of the inner ear that, in pets, is most commonly caused by the extension of an otitis externa and subsequent otitis media or as a result of trauma. By far the most predisposing cause of otitis externa is skin allergy. The north american veterinary conference 2005 proceedings 808. Otitis externa and media in the dog and cat article pdf available in tierarztliche praxis. Unfortunately, differentiating between recurrence and unresolved infection is often difficult because of the lack of good followup, which emphasizes the importance of. In both dogs and cats as in humans and other mammals, otitis is generally categorized by anatomic location within the ear canal into three distinct disease entities.
Otitis externa, also called swimmers ear, is inflammation of the ear canal. The term refers to inflammation of the external ear canal, rather than to a specific disease process29. Proceeding of the navc north american veterinary conference jan. Imaging in otitis media patients will reveal opacification of the middle ear, for acute, chronic, and otitis media with effusion.
Acute otitis externa, also known as swimmers ear, is a common disease of children, adolescents and adults. Risk factors for acute cases include swimming, minor trauma from cleaning, using hearing aids and ear plugs, and other skin problems, such as psoriasis and dermatitis. For claims with a date of service on or after october 1, 2015, use an equivalent icd10cm code or codes. Otitis externa american college of veterinary surgeons. Inner ear infection otitis interna in dogs vca animal. The condition or disease described in this medical article can affect both dogs and cats. Otitis externa may be acute lasting less than six weeks or chronic lasting more than three months. Acute andor infrequent otitis externa ascertain whether this is a firsttime episode, a recurrence, or an unresolved previous infection acuteonchronic otitis. Extension of infection up the eustachian tube does occur, but is rare in the dog. The most common ear disease in pets is otitis externa. If the pressure is not relieved by way of the eustachian tube, the tm will eventually rip.
Jan 16, 2018 to say otitis externa in dogs is an infection of the ear canal, is a gross simplification. Treatment depends on the severity of the disease, your individual pet, and your veterinarian. Ablacion, canal auditivo, bulla timpanica, caninos, cirugia. Management of otitis externa media in the dog and cat rod a. To say otitis externa in dogs is an infection of the ear canal, is a gross simplification. Positive pressure can result from the accumulation of sterile fluid or pus within the middle ear. Otoscopy may reveal a furuncle localized oe or a red, edematous external auditory.
Rod rosychuckmanagement of canine and feline otitis media in. Otitis interna can cause some significant signs in your dog, including reluctance to eat, head tilt, alteration in balance, and reduced hearing on the affected side. Diagnosis and medical treatment of otitis externa in the dog and cat l s jacobsona causes, pathophysiology and diagnostic approach classification and causes of otitis externa otitis externa is a syndrome, not a diagnosis3,18. A practical approach to diagnosing and managing ear disease. Otitis externa is an inflammatory condition of the external auditory canal the ear canal. Apr 01, 2018 staphylococcus pseudintermedius is the leading cause of pyoderma and otitis externa in dogs, and is ultimately associated with urinary tract infections van duijkeren et al. Risk factors for oe include injury to the skin of the external auditory canal andor exposure to water. Surveys assessing quality of life have been proposed, 79 faciones survey showed fewer visits and less antibiotic use after tubes were inserted, and he concluded that although childrens quality of life improved after insertion of tympanostomy tubes, a more accurate count of visits and antibiotic usage is needed to determine the costeffectiveness of this treatment. Many dogs will respond to treatment and recover well. Acute cases are typically due to bacterial infection, and chronic cases are often due to allergies and autoimmune disorders. Rosychuk dvm, dacvim colorado state university pathogenesis of otitis media inflammation within the middle ear may be infectious bacterial, fungal or noninfectious foreign body, neoplasia, polyps, trauma, cholesteatoma. Otitis externa american college of veterinary surgeons acvs. Inflammation of the middle and inner ear in cats petmd. This condition is characterized by inflammation of the external ear canal and can cause great discomfort to the animal.
It often presents with ear pain, swelling of the ear canal, and occasionally decreased hearing. Five times more common in swimmers than nonswimmers. Proceeding of the navc north american veterinary conference. Otitis labyrinthica definition of otitis labyrinthica by. Otitis externa is generally diagnosed by thorough physical examination, including an ear exam and microscopic examination of the discharge from the ear, and culture of the ear discharge to determine the underlying cause and the best antibiotic. Cases of otitis media involvement beyond the ear drum carry a more uncertain prognosis but many can be successfully treated with the aid of videootoscopy procedures. Learn why some treatments for otitis externa fail because of underlying trigger factors. Ear canals can be infected with mites, bacteria or yeast. Pdf otitis en perros pdf otitis en perros pdf otitis en perros download. Animals are commonly prone to ear infection, and this is one of the most common manifestations of allergy in dogs. Otitis externa is a fancy name for an infection of the external ear canal. Otitis externa is an inflammation of the ear canal. This practice point focuses solely on managing acute otitis externa, without.
This may be because of poor drainage associated with consequences of the brachycephalic head shape. Oe is characterized by ear pain, discharge, and tragal tenderness. Otitis externa final house paws home veterinary care. Draining the middle ear can improve the common om symptoms related to abnormal middle ear pressure.
Unilateral asymmetric ataxia head tilt toward lesion nystagmus fast phase away from lesion scratching at neck and ears. A practical approach to diagnosing and managing ear. Because dogs ear canals are lshaped figure 1, fluid does not drain easily from canal openings. Earth sciences aminoglycosides health aspects amoxicillin beta lactamases dogs. In dogs, those breeds with floppy ears are more prone, since air flow is limited and a warm, moist environment built up, which is conducive to infection. Note the soft tissue density of the external ear canal. In cases of otitis external external ear canal only, the prognosis for a successful outcome is usually very good if the contributing factors can be identified and addressed. Acute otitis media aom is defined as the presence of inflammation in the middle ear, associated with an effusion, and accompanied by the rapid onset of symptoms and signs of an ear infection. Otitis externa is an inflammation of the outer ear and ear canal. The disease has a number of possible causes and can become a chronic problem in susceptible animals. It is more common in the cat, likely because cats have a higher incidence of posterior pharyngeal inflammatory disease due to. Otitis externa is a common disease in small animal veterinary practice, affecting 1020% of all canine patients. Otitis externa in pets ear infection riverside animal care. Otitis media otitis interna condensed version ct scan showing fluid density in right tympanic bulla of a dog.
Otitis is applied as a general term to an inflammatory process of the ear. Unfortunately, differentiating between recurrence and unresolved infection is often difficult because of the. This condition is seen most often in dogs with long, drooping, or furry ears that block air flow and fluid drainage and are therefore ideal environments for bacterial growth. Dec 18, 2008 otitis media and otitis interna in cats. Consideraciones anatomicas y fisiologicas del oido canino. Frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococcus. Longeared dog breeds with excessive hair and nonerect outer ears, such as the cocker spaniel, labrador retriever and springer spaniel, are believed to be more. Otitis media refers to an inflammation of the cats middle ear, while otitis interna refers to an inflammation of the inner ear, both of which are commonly caused by bacterial infection. Age peaks at 712 years and decreases after age 50 years. Diagnosis and treatment of otitis media in dogs and cats. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. It is a common condition that can be caused by both viruses and bacteria.